Drunk Driving Abbreviations: A Guide to DUI, DWI, OVI & More

Facing a drunk driving charge can be a challenging and overwhelming experience. The legal process is complex, and the terminology associated with impaired driving charges can add to the confusion. Whether you're trying to decipher DUI vs. DWI, or OVI vs. DUI, we'll break down and explain the different drunk driving abbreviations and why understanding each matters.

DUI vs. DWI

The terms "DUI" (Driving Under the Influence) and "DWI" (Driving While Impaired) are the two most commonly used terms by states to describe the crime of impaired driving. Outside of courthouses, DUI is frequently used across the country to describe impaired driving. However, the technical legal meanings can vary significantly from state to state or by jurisdiction. In some areas, there may be distinct legal definitions and implications for both DUI and DWI.² 

Common Abbreviations for Drunk Driving Charges

When it comes to drunk driving, different states use different acronyms, each reflecting specific legal nuances. The most commonly encountered drunk driving abbreviations are DUI, DWI, OVI, OWI, and OUI. Here’s what each stands for:

DUI (Driving Under the Influence)

General Definition: The DUI meaning generally refers to driving a vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or drugs, impairing the driver's ability to operate the vehicle safely.

Usage: DUI is a widely used term across the United States and is recognized in many states as the primary abbreviation for impaired driving charges.

DWI (Driving While Impaired)

Definition: Driving While Impaired (DWI) is also a term for driving a vehicle while impaired by alcohol or drugs. In some jurisdictions, DWI might imply a higher level of intoxication or a more severe offense than DUI.¹

Usage: The usage of DWI varies by state, and some states use DWI exclusively, while others use it interchangeably with DUI. In some jurisdictions, DWI might indicate a higher level of intoxication or a more severe offense.

Rhode Island uses both DUI and DWI. The choice of term depends on the age of the driver.⁵

OVI (Operating a Vehicle Impaired)

Definition: OVI is a term used to describe impaired driving offenses in Ohio. Unlike the more commonly used terms such as DUI (Driving Under the Influence) or DWI (Driving While Intoxicated), which focus on the act of driving, OVI has a broader scope. It includes any operation of a vehicle, not just driving.

Usage: Ohio exclusively uses the term OVI to refer to impaired driving offenses. In Ohio, the term encompasses situations where an individual is operating a vehicle under the influence of alcohol, drugs, or a combination of both. The term reflects a legal approach that extends beyond driving and includes any operation of a vehicle, such as sitting in a parked car.⁶

OWI (Operating While Impaired)

Definition: OWI stands for Operating While Impaired and encompasses operating any vehicle under the influence of alcohol, drugs, or both. Unlike DUI and DWI, which are primarily associated with driving, OWI covers a broader spectrum of vehicle operation. This can include operating non-traditional vehicles such as bicycles and boats, under the influence.

Usage: OWI is used predominantly in states like Iowa and Wisconsin to enforce laws against operating any form of transportation while impaired. In these states, OWI may carry similar or sometimes more severe legal consequences compared to DUI or DWI, emphasizing the seriousness of operating any vehicle while impaired.

OUI (Operating Under the Influence)

Definition: OUI is a term used in Maine and Massachusetts to denote impaired driving due to alcohol or drugs. It broadens the scope beyond just driving, encompassing any operation of a vehicle while under the influence. Unlike terms like DUI or DWI, which specifically refer to driving, OUI extends its reach to any operation of a vehicle. This includes scenarios where an individual may be in physical control of a vehicle even if it's not in motion.

Usage: Massachusetts and Maine commonly use OUI instead of or in conjunction with other terms like DUI or DWI. ^{3 4}

Impaired Driving Acronyms by State

The choice of different drunk driving abbreviations can matter due to the legal nuances and implications associated with each term. Individuals facing drunk driving charges should work closely with legal professionals who are familiar with the specific terminology and legal landscape in their jurisdiction to ensure a comprehensive and effective defense.

Understanding the Penalties for Drunk Driving in Your State

The penalties for impaired driving vary widely by state and can include fines, license suspension, and mandatory educational programs. More severe or repeated offenses may lead to significant jail time. An increasingly common measure is the installation of an ignition interlock device (IID), which requires the driver to perform a breath test before starting the vehicle, ensuring they are not under the influence of alcohol. If you're facing a drunk driving charge, considering an ignition interlock device might be a proactive step towards regaining your driving privileges and complying with your state's legal requirements.

Intoxalock's state specialists can help you determine what you need to do and help find an installation location near you. Call (833) 623-0200. or fill out a form to get a free quote.

References

¹ U.S. Department of Transportation. (2019). Impaired driving laws, enforcement and prevention. https://www.transportation.gov/mission/health/Impaired-Driving-Laws-Enforcement-and-Prevention

² Legal Information Institute. (n.d.). Driving under the influence (DUI). Cornell Law School. Retrieved from https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/driving_under_the_influence_(dui)

³ Maine Legislature. (n.d.). Maine Revised Statutes Title 29-A, §2411: Operating under the influence. Retrieved from https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/29-A/title29-Asec2411.html

⁴ Commonwealth of Massachusetts. (n.d.). Alcohol and drug suspensions for over 21 years of age. Retrieved from https://www.mass.gov/info-details/alcohol-and-drug-suspensions-for-over-21-years-of-age

⁵ Rhode Island Division of Motor Vehicles. (n.d.). Rhode Island DMV: License suspensions. Retrieved from https://dmv.ri.gov/node/1381

⁶ Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles. (n.d.). First offense suspension. Retrieved from https://www.bmv.ohio.gov/susp-ad-first-offense.aspx